ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES AND AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATION: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Authors

  • I.A. Glebova Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (First Cossack University)»
  • S.V. Smorodinskaya Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (First Cossack University)»
  • V.M. Kuzmina Southwest State University
  • L.F. Ponomareva Bashkir Institute of Technology and Management (branch) of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (First Cossack University)»
  • O.P. Khubieva Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North Caucasian State Academy»

Keywords:

agriculture, Latin America, Caribbean countries, organic farming, greenhouse emissions.

Abstract

This article analyzes the implementation of the environmental sustainability agenda (ESG) in agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean amid global geoeconomic competition for green investments. Using FAOSTAT statistics, development institution reports, and an analysis of national strategies (2023–2025), the article examines the relationship between environmental sustainability, food security, and the region's socioeconomic development. Particular attention is paid to the role of civil society, government support for organic farming, and the adoption of low-carbon technologies. Growing interest in precision farming and digital tools signals a shift toward technologically advanced organic farming. In countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, and Colombia, agricultural strategies are shifting: isolated environmental measures are being replaced by comprehensive programs that include preferential loans, new laws, and performance monitoring. However, the success of these programs depends on economic stability and the consistency of policy implementation during government transitions. Organic agriculture is supported through the harmonization of certification standards, tax incentives, the development of cooperative structures, and the promotion of organic products in export markets. Large companies and international agreements are helping to spread environmentally friendly practices, but not all farmers can access green financing and modern technologies, exacerbating inequality among producers. The results show that, despite the leadership of individual countries (Uruguay, Brazil, and Chile) in organic agriculture and climate policy, the region faces institutional, economic, and climate challenges that require strengthened regional cooperation and inclusive mechanisms for the transition to sustainable agrifood systems.

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Published

2026-06-11

Issue

Section

Экономические науки